01563nas a2200205   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001200043100002200055700002700077700001900104700002000123700002200143700002100165700001800186700003200204245008500236490000600321520103000327       2016                            d  c04/20161 aFernando Brandão1 aRavishankar Ramanathan1 aAndrzej Grudka1 aKarol Horodecki1 aMichał Horodecki1 aPaweł Horodecki1 aTomasz Szarek1 aHanna Wojewódka-Ściążko00aRealistic noise-tolerant randomness amplification using finite number of devices0 v73 a<p>Randomness is a fundamental concept, with implications from security of modern data systems, to fundamental laws of nature and even the philosophy of science. Randomness is called certified if it describes events that cannot be pre-determined by an external adversary. It is known that weak certified randomness can be amplified to nearly ideal randomness using quantum-mechanical systems. However, so far, it was unclear whether randomness amplification is a realistic task, as the existing proposals either do not tolerate noise or require an unbounded number of different devices. Here we provide an error-tolerant protocol using a finite number of devices for amplifying arbitrary weak randomness into nearly perfect random bits, which are secure against a no-signalling adversary. The correctness of the protocol is assessed by violating a Bell inequality, with the degree of violation determining the noise tolerance threshold. An experimental realization of the protocol is within reach of current technology.</p>